Paper Push: 2026-06-23
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每日论文推送：BGC-Argo、海色/海洋光学、海洋热浪与碳泵Daily Paper Push: BGC-Argo, ocean colour/ocean optics, marine heatwaves and carbon pump
本期由 GitHub Actions 自动检索生成：Nature/Science 系列优先，其次是用户指定重点期刊，再补充重点关注团队的新论文，最后纳入其他相关期刊；历史去重后保留 10 篇，不超过每日 50 篇上限。 This issue was generated automatically by GitHub Actions: Nature and Science series first, then the user-defined priority journals, then new papers from the focused team, followed by other relevant journals as topical supplements. After deduplication, 10 papers remain, below the daily limit of 50.
Download Word summary
无 mechanism sketch 图。今天的意大利语卡片： No mechanism sketch figure today. Daily Italian card:
每日一句意大利语Daily Italian
Qui si convien lasciare ogne sospetto.
Dante, Commedia, Inferno III, 14; Italian original from Kalliope
进入地狱门前，维吉尔要求放下犹疑。这句可用来表达面对艰难任务时必须先停止摇摆。
Before entering Hell, Virgil tells Dante to leave suspicion behind. It is a line about stopping hesitation before a difficult passage.
趋势总结Trend Summary
本期重点关注 BGC-Argo、海色遥感/海洋光学、海洋热浪、浮游植物垂向结构和碳泵过程。筛选逻辑不再只限于重点期刊；当高影响力期刊当天新增较少时，会额外检索重点关注团队作者的新论文，并用海洋、海色/光学和碳循环关键词过滤，再从其他相关期刊补充候选论文。
This issue focuses on BGC-Argo, ocean-colour remote sensing, ocean optics, marine heatwaves, vertical phytoplankton structure and carbon-pump processes. The selection is no longer limited to priority journals; when few high-impact papers are newly available, the workflow also checks focused-team authors and filters those papers with ocean, ocean-colour/optics, and carbon-cycle keywords before adding other relevant journals as supplements.
重点期刊：按影响力和相关性排序Key journals: ordered by impact and relevance
1. The dynamic mesoscale sink and source niches for eukaryotic phytoplankton in a subtropical gyre
作者Authors: Alexandra E. Jones-Kellett; Jesse C. McNichol; Yubin Raut; Jed A. Fuhrman; Michael J. Follows
发表月份Publication month: 2026-06 2026-06
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2608700123
关键词Tags: phytoplankton; ocean colour; vertical structure phytoplankton; ocean colour; vertical structure
摘要：通过跟踪遗传样本的水团历史，我们研究了在营养耗尽的亚热带环流中塑造真核浮游植物种群的生物物理动力学，其中蓝细菌具有竞争优势。沿着 2,382 公里的北太平洋横断面，每 46 公里过滤一式三份海水样品，加入基因组内标，并用三结构域引物组进行扩增，以获得绝对 16S 和 18S rRNA 体积基因丰度。每个样本的输运历史是通过卫星遥感速度场中平流中尺度拉格朗日粒子云来模拟的。与之前的实地研究一致，真核浮游植物在涡流内和涡流边缘异常丰富，垂直环流在涡流边缘重新分配营养物质。 在漩涡之外，我们发现真核生物在统计上显着下降，这是横向相干性的函数：最近从多个来源混合的水域支持与漩涡类似的真核生物异常，而真核生物种群则因在连续三个月或更长时间的水域中的隔离而受到抑制。在这些连贯的外部涡流水团中，我们估计依赖于分类群的真核生物种群半衰期为 8 至 17 个月。鉴于采样期间超过 90% 的整个环流由涡流和最近混合的水域组成，这种物理条件相对罕见。 这些来自经验观察的结果证实了这样的理论，即由于蓝藻的竞争压力，真核浮游植物将在大约几年的时间尺度上面临亚热带的排斥，但通过促进机会性生长和扩散的定期干扰而维持少量数量。
Abstract: By tracking the water mass histories of genetic samples, we investigated the biophysical dynamics shaping eukaryotic phytoplankton populations in a nutrient-deplete subtropical gyre, where cyanobacteria have a competitive advantage. Triplicate seawater samples were filtered every ∼ 46 km along a 2,382 km North Pacific transect, spiked with genomic internal standards, and amplified with a three-domain primer set to obtain absolute 16S and 18S rRNA volumetric gene abundances. The transport histories of each sample were simulated by advecting mesoscale Lagrangian particle clouds in satellite remote sensing velocity fields. Consistent with previous field studies, eukaryotic phytoplankton were anomalously abundant within eddies and along eddy-edges, where vertical circulations redistribute nutrients. Outside of eddies, we found a statistically significant decline in eukaryotes as a function of lateral coherence: Waters that recently mixed from multiple origins supported eukaryote anomalies resembling those of eddies, whereas eukaryotic populations were depressed from isolation in waters that were coherent for three or more months. In these coherent outside-eddy water masses, we estimate taxon-dependent eukaryote population half-lives range from 8 to 17 mo. Such physical conditions are relatively rare, given that > 90% of the entire gyre during the sampling campaign was composed of eddies and recently mixed waters. These results derived from empirical observations substantiate the theory that eukaryotic phytoplankton would face exclusion in the subtropics on timescales of ∼ years due to competitive pressure from cyanobacteria, yet are sustained in small numbers by regular disturbances promoting opportunistic growth and dispersal.
2. Global Patterns of Oceanic Nitrogen Fixation Over the Past Two Decades
作者Authors: Deyong Sun; Wenbin Huang; Zixu Ye; Shengqiang Wang; Hailong Zhang
发表月份Publication month: 2026-06 2026-06
Global Biogeochemical Cycles · DOI: 10.1029/2026gb009279
关键词Tags: ocean biogeochemistry ocean biogeochemistry
摘要：海洋固氮是生物可利用氮的主要外部来源，维持海洋初级生产并调节全球碳循环。然而，由于观测很少，其长期变异性和气候驱动机制仍然受到很少的限制。在这里，我们通过利用原位测量和其他多源数据建立集成机器学习模型，开发了海洋 N 2 固定率的全球高分辨率（0. 25° × 0. 25°）长期（1997-2024）数据集。重建的数据集揭示了明显的空间异质性，升高的速率集中在贫营养的热带和亚热带海洋（30°S–30°N），特别是在北印度洋和西太平洋海洋大陆地区，这些区域的速率经常超过160 μmol N m −2 d −1 。在全球范围内，N 2 固定量显示出微弱但持续的增长趋势（∼2. 8 × 10 -2 μmol N m -2 d -1 个月 -1 )，背景变化微弱，叠加局部热点的增加和减少。盆地尺度分析揭示了异质性趋势，赤道大西洋和北大西洋的增长最为强劲，而北印度洋和南大西洋的下降较弱。气候模式归因表明区域异质性控制，西半球暖池 (WHWP)、北太平洋指数 (NP) 和厄尔尼诺 3. 4 指数 (Niño 3. 4) 成为主要海洋次区域的主要驱动因素。 WHWP 主导大部分北半球盆地和赤道大西洋，Niño 3. 4 主导赤道太平洋，NP 主导南太平洋和南大西洋。 这项研究提供了长期的全球N 2 固定数据集及其对主要气候模式敏感性的定量证据，提高了对气候驱动的海洋氮循环调节的理解。
Abstract: Oceanic nitrogen fixation is a major external source of bioavailable nitrogen, sustaining marine primary production and regulating the global carbon cycle. However, its long‐term variability and climate‐driven mechanisms remain poorly constrained because observations are sparse. Here, we develop a global, high‐resolution (0.25° × 0.25°), long‐term (1997–2024) data set of marine N 2 fixation rates by establishing an ensemble machine‐learning model with in situ measurements and other multi‐source data. The reconstructed data set reveals pronounced spatial heterogeneity, with elevated rates concentrated in oligotrophic tropical and subtropical oceans (30°S–30°N), particularly in the northern Indian Ocean and the western Pacific‐Maritime Continent region, where rates frequently exceed 160 μmol N m −2 d −1 . Globally, N 2 fixation shows a weak but persistent increasing trend (∼2.8 × 10 −2 μmol N m −2 d −1 month −1 ), with weak background changes superimposed by localized hotspots of increases and decreases. Basin‐scale analysis reveals heterogeneous trends, with the strongest increases in the equatorial Atlantic and North Atlantic, and weak declines in the northern Indian Ocean and South Atlantic. Climate‐mode attribution indicates regionally heterogeneous controls, with Western Hemisphere Warm Pool (WHWP), North Pacific Index (NP), and Niño 3.4 Index (Niño 3.4) emerging as dominant drivers across major oceanic subregions. WHWP dominates most Northern Hemisphere basins and the equatorial Atlantic, Niño 3.4 dominates the equatorial Pacific, and NP dominates the South Pacific and South Atlantic. This study provides a long‐term global N 2 fixation data set and quantitative evidence for its sensitivity to major climate modes, improving understanding of climate‐driven regulation of the oceanic nitrogen cycle.
3. Dissecting mesopelagic particulate organic carbon budgets in the North Atlantic: A mechanistic diagnosis and evaluation of PISCESv2_RC
作者Authors: M. Andrea Orihuela-García; Yohan Ruprich-Robert; Vladimir Lapin; Saskia Loosveldt Tomas; Raffaele Bernardello; Margarida Samsó-Cabré; Pierre-Antoine Bretonnière; Miguel Castrillo; et al.
发表月份Publication month: 2026-06 2026-06
Biogeosciences · DOI: 10.5194/bg-23-4083-2026
关键词Tags: carbon pump; vertical structure carbon pump; vertical structure
摘要：中深层的生物地球化学和物理过程调节海洋内部的长期碳储存。然而，颗粒有机碳（POC）预算的不确定性限制了对生物碳泵及其模型表示的定量理解。在这里，我们分析了 NEMO4–PISCESv2_RC 模型在北大西洋上层 1000 米气候季节周期模拟的 POC 预算，评估模型性能并诊断调节 POC 输出和转移效率的机制。与卫星、Argo 浮标、船载和沉积物收集器数据的比较表明，POC 储量和通量大体上是真实的。 然而，该模型存在系统性偏差，包括（i）中高纬度硅藻过度占优势，（ii）亚热带初级生产过低和上层过度出口之间的补偿，以及（iii）中低纬度中层中层POC库存低估。在模型中，由重力输出和大量碎屑驱动的中层 POC 供应量向极地方向增加，而冬春季混合供应量在副极地地区增加了 37%。高达 60% 的中层 POC 供应被浮游动物拦截，但大部分通过破碎和营养加工被回收为碎屑。这种碎屑环调节颗粒大小、下沉速度和降解路径，并在中高纬度地区季节性增强。导出的 POC 的不稳定性随着纬度的增加而增加，而温度驱动的衰减率则随着纬度的增加而降低。 这些相反的梯度导致中纬度地区中层 POC 通量衰减最大，与峰值生产力一致。小碎屑在模型中起着核心作用，占中层 POC 衰变的 55%，并驱动 1000 m 高度垂直通量的 33%–50%。这些大型模型贡献反映了大量的生物供应和不稳定性的显着垂直下降，共同有利于小型 POC 的中层转移。我们建议将 POC 预算分析作为一种机制框架，用于识别结构偏差并限制生物颗粒碳泵预测中的模型间传播。
Abstract: Biogeochemical and physical processes in the mesopelagic layer regulate long-term carbon storage in the ocean interior. However, uncertainties in particulate organic carbon (POC) budgets limit quantitative understanding of the biological carbon pump and its representation in models. Here we analyse POC budgets simulated by the NEMO4–PISCESv2_RC model in the upper 1000 m of the North Atlantic over a climatological seasonal cycle, evaluating model performance and diagnosing the mechanisms that regulate POC export and transfer efficiency. Comparison with satellite, Argo-float, shipboard, and sediment-trap data indicates generally realistic POC stocks and fluxes. However, the model exhibits systematic biases, including (i) excessive diatom dominance at mid–high latitudes, (ii) compensation between too-low primary production and excessive epipelagic export in the subtropics, and (iii) underestimated mesopelagic POC stocks at mid and low latitudes. In the model, the mesopelagic POC supply driven by gravitational export and large detritus increases poleward, while winter–spring mixing supplies an additional 37 % in the subpolar region. Up to 60 % of mesopelagic POC supply is intercepted by zooplankton, yet most is recycled to detritus through fragmentation and trophic processing. This detrital loop modulates particle size, sinking speed, and degradation pathways, and is seasonally reinforced at mid–high latitudes. The lability of exported POC increases with latitude, whereas temperature-driven decay rates decrease with latitude. These opposing gradients result in maximal mesopelagic POC flux attenuation at midlatitudes, coincident with peak productivity. Small detritus plays a central role in the model, accounting for ∼ 55 % of mesopelagic POC decay and driving 33 %–50 % of vertical flux at 1000 m. These large modelled contributions reflect substantial biological supply and a pronounced vertical decline in lability, together favouring mesopelagic transfer of small POC. We propose POC budget analysis as a mechanistic framework for identifying structural biases and constraining inter-model spread in projections of the biological particulate carbon pump.
4. Multi-Indicator Remote Sensing of Water Quality Dynamics Across Contrasting Freshwater Systems in Türkiye: A Sentinel-2 and Landsat-Based Change Detection Framework
作者Authors: Venkataraman Lakshmi; Alperen Kir; Bin Fang
发表月份Publication month: 2026-06 2026-06
Remote Sensing · DOI: 10.3390/rs18122048
关键词Tags: phytoplankton; ocean colour; bio-optics phytoplankton; ocean colour; bio-optics
摘要：本研究提出了一个多指标遥感框架，用于评估基线（2015-2018年）和近期（2023-2025年）期间土耳其埃吉尔迪尔湖、萨潘贾湖、加泰罗尼亚大坝和尤瓦吉克大坝的四个淡水系统的卫星来源的水质相关和营养状态相关的动态。该研究不是提供基于监管或特定用途的水质相关指标的卫星评估，而是评估来自 Sentinel-2 MSI 和 Google Earth Engine 处理的 Landsat 8/9 图像的光学和热可检测地表水指标。使用归一化叶绿素指数 (NDCI)、归一化差值浊度指数 (NDTI) 和地表温度 (LST，应用于水面) 通过周期平均差图 (Δ-mask) 和年际时间序列分析来检测变化模式。 结果揭示了不同的空间和时间动态，与气候、水文和人为驱动因素的相互作用大致一致。在地中海南部系统中，沿岸和流入区的 ΔNDCI 正异常与夏季 LST 的增加有关，埃吉尔迪尔湖表现出统计上显着的 +0 变暖趋势。 170 °C yr−1 (Mann–Kendall τ = 0. 53, p = 0. 029)，谨慎地解释为与区域气候趋势一致的物理上合理的信号，表明热介导的富营养化相关光学风险升高。在马尔马拉系统北部，卫星观测到的模式与人为养分负荷和形态限制密切相关，尽管热条件相对稳定，但与浊度相关的光学增加集中在西部和边缘地区。 由于无法进行并发原位测量，因此采用跨传感器一致性检查和基于文献的基准测试作为替代验证策略。在所有四个系统中，ΔNDCI 正异常系统地集中在浅水边缘和流入区，而 ΔNDTI 模式因系统而异，强调了沿岸动态作为光学可检测水质恶化和营养状态相关变化的早期指标的作用。拟议的框架为数据稀缺环境中的淡水质量监测提供了一种可扩展、具有成本效益的方法，并为土耳其国家水计划（2026-2036）下的综合水资源管理提供直接支持。
Abstract: This study presents a multi-indicator remote sensing framework for assessing satellite-derived water-quality-related and trophic-state-related dynamics across four freshwater systems in Türkiye Egirdir Lake, Sapanca Lake, Catalan Dam, and Yuvacik Dam between the baseline (2015–2018) and recent (2023–2025) periods. Rather than providing a regulatory or use-specific satellite-based assessment of water-quality-related indicators, the study evaluates optically and thermally detectable surface water indicators derived from Sentinel-2 MSI and Landsat 8/9 imagery processed in Google Earth Engine. The Normalized Difference Chlorophyll Index (NDCI), the Normalized Difference Turbidity Index (NDTI), and land surface temperature (LST, applied to water surfaces) were used to detect change patterns through period-mean difference mapping (Δ-mask) and interannual time series analysis. Results reveal distinct spatial and temporal dynamics broadly consistent with the interplay of climatic, hydrological, and anthropogenic drivers. In the southern Mediterranean systems, positive ΔNDCI anomalies in littoral and inflow zones were associated with increasing summer LST, with Egirdir Lake exhibiting a statistically significant warming trend of +0.170 °C yr−1 (Mann–Kendall τ = 0.53, p = 0.029), interpreted cautiously as a physically plausible signal consistent with regional climate trends, suggesting elevated thermally mediated eutrophication-related optical risk. In the northern Marmara systems, satellite-observed patterns were more strongly associated with anthropogenic nutrient loading and morphological constraints, with turbidity-related optical increases concentrated in western and marginal zones despite relatively stable thermal conditions. As concurrent in situ measurements were unavailable, cross-sensor consistency checks and literature-based benchmarking were applied as alternative validation strategies. Across all four systems, positive ΔNDCI anomalies were systematically concentrated in shallow marginal and inflow zones, while ΔNDTI patterns varied by system, underscoring the role of littoral dynamics as early indicators of optically detectable water-quality deterioration and trophic-state-related change. The proposed framework offers a scalable, cost-effective approach for freshwater quality surveillance in data-scarce environments and provides direct support for integrated water resource management under Türkiye’s National Water Plan (2026–2036).
5. A SMAP-Anchored Sentinel-1 Change Detection Method for 100 m Surface Soil Moisture Mapping with Vegetation-Conditioned Constraints
作者Authors: Yunjia Wang; Hao Sun; Haoyu Pei; Jinhua Gao; Zhenheng Xu; Yuxin Wang; Dan Wu
发表月份Publication month: 2026-06 2026-06
Remote Sensing · DOI: 10.3390/rs18122045
关键词Tags: backscattering backscattering
摘要：当地水文和农业应用需要高分辨率的表面土壤湿度 (SM)，但 100 m 处的可靠检索仍然具有挑战性。在这个更广泛的方法论背景下，辐射计约束的 SAR 变化检测仍然是高分辨率土壤水分反演的实用且可解释的选择。它使用 SAR 导出的时间变化来描述精细尺度的润湿和干燥过程，而被动微波观测则提供体积湿度参考。本研究提出了一种改进的 SMAP 锚定 Sentinel-1 变化检测框架 (ISSF)，用于 100 m SM 测绘。 ISSF 通过使用非线性二次函数拟合 NDVI 分档的上包络样本以标准化植被相关的反向散射变化范围，并使用多年 SMAP 干/湿分位数将标准化相对湿度缩放为体积 SM 来解决这些限制。 ISSF 使用现场测量、近乎并发的机载参考、基于 SMAP 的产品以及直接传输到 OzNet 进行评估。在山甸河流域，ISSF 在点尺度上实现了 R = 0. 549 和 ubRMSE = 0. 062 m3 m−3。相对于三种基准变化检测方法，ISSF 将 R 提高了 11-53%，并将 ubRMSE 降低了 7-15%。对于机载参考事件，ISSF 显示 R = 0. 635 且 ubRMSE = 0. 027 m3 m−3。在直接转移到 OzNet 的情况下，ISSF 实现了平均 R = 0. 55 和平均 ubRMSE = 0. 05 m3 m−3。 这些结果表明，ISSF 为植被稀疏至中等的半干旱地区 100 m 土壤湿度测绘提供了实用且可解释的方法。
Abstract: High-resolution surface soil moisture (SM) is needed for local hydrological and agricultural applications, but reliable retrieval at 100 m remains challenging. Within this broader methodological context, radiometer-constrained SAR change detection remains a practical and interpretable option for high-resolution soil moisture retrieval. It uses SAR-derived temporal changes to describe fine-scale wetting and drying processes, while passive microwave observations provide volumetric moisture references. This study proposes an improved SMAP-anchored Sentinel-1 change-detection framework (ISSF) for 100 m SM mapping. ISSF addresses these limitations by fitting NDVI-binned upper-envelope samples with a nonlinear quadratic function to normalize the vegetation-dependent backscatter-change range and by using multi-year SMAP dry/wet quantiles to scale the normalized relative wetness into volumetric SM. ISSF was evaluated using in situ measurements, a near-concurrent airborne reference, SMAP-based products, and direct transfer to OzNet. In the Shandian River Basin, ISSF achieved R = 0.549 and ubRMSE = 0.062 m3 m−3 at the point scale. Relative to three benchmark change-detection methods, ISSF increased R by 11–53% and reduced ubRMSE by 7–15%. For the airborne-referenced event, ISSF showed R = 0.635 and ubRMSE = 0.027 m3 m−3. Under direct transfer to OzNet, ISSF achieved mean R = 0.55 and mean ubRMSE = 0.05 m3 m−3. These results indicate that ISSF provides a practical and interpretable approach for 100 m soil moisture mapping in semi-arid regions with sparse to moderate vegetation.
其他相关期刊：按主题相关性补充Other relevant journals: topical supplements
6. Investigating the predictability of marine heatwaves at subseasonal to seasonal timescales in New Caledonia, South Pacific
作者Authors: Inès Mangolte; Sophie Cravatte; Alexandre Ganachaud; Christophe Menkes
发表月份Publication month: 2026-06 2026-06
Ocean Science · DOI: 10.5194/os-22-1937-2026
关键词Tags: marine heatwaves marine heatwaves
摘要：海洋热浪 (MHW) 已成为海洋生态系统最重要的威胁之一，造成珊瑚白化、鱼类大量死亡和流动动物群流离失所等影响。在气候变化的背景下，迫切需要制定次季节到季节性预测等战略，以帮助人类社会适应和应对这些事件日益频繁、持续时间和强度的情况。在这里，我们使用动态耦合海洋大气模型的集合预报，评估了南太平洋岛国新喀里多尼亚规模的MHW的可预测性。我们证明，采用从集合中的分散中提取信息的概率方法比仅计算集合平均值的确定性方法具有更高的技能。 我们发现，较长、较强烈和较宽的 MHW 比较弱、较弱和较短的 MHW 更容易预测。我们还发现，最长、最宽的 MHW 发生在寒冷季节（6 月至 10 月）强烈的拉尼娜事件期间，并且可以提前 7 个月成功预测。相比之下，在暖季发生的 MHW 提前几周的可预测性较差或无法预测。我们讨论如何在预测的有用性和可用性方面将这些信息有效地传递给海洋利益相关者。我们建议未来的研究应侧重于确定不同类型 MHW 的驱动因素，以了解其可预测性的来源。
Abstract: Marine Heatwaves (MHWs) have emerged as one of the most important threat for marine ecosystems, with impacts such as coral bleaching, massive fish mortality and displacement of mobile fauna. In the context of climate change, it is urgent to develop strategies such as subseasonal to seasonal forecasting to help human societies adapt and react to the increasing frequency, duration and intensity of these events. Here we evaluate the predictability of MHWs at the scale of a South Pacific island country, New Caledonia, using ensemble forecasts from a dynamical coupled ocean-atmosphere model. We show that implementing a probabilistic approach where we extract information from the dispersion in the ensemble results in a higher skill than a deterministic approach where we simply compute the ensemble average. We find that longer, more intense, and wider MHWs, are more predictable than weaker, less intense, and shorter MHWs. We also find that the longest and widest MHWs occur in the cold season (June–October) during strong La Niña episodes, and that they can successfully be predicted up to 7 months in advance. In contrast, MHWs occurring during the warm season have poor or no predictability of more than a few weeks in advance. We discuss how this information can be efficiently transferred to marine stakeholders in terms of the usefulness and useability of the forecast. We recommend that future research should focus on identifying the drivers of different types of MHWs in order to understand their sources of predictability.
7. Vertical Distribution of Chl-a in Relation to Environmental Factors and Water Column Stratification in the Downstream Section of the Air Bengkulu River
作者Authors: Kusdini; Sigit Sudjatmiko; Yar Johan; Bakhtiar Deddy; Ela Hasri Windari
发表月份Publication month: 2026-06 2026-06
LIMNOTEK Perairan Darat Tropis di Indonesia · DOI: 10.55981/limnotek.2026.15445
关键词Tags: phytoplankton; vertical structure phytoplankton; vertical structure
摘要：明古鲁流域横跨两个行政区，在支持印度尼西亚明古鲁省的生态和社会经济功能方面发挥着至关重要的作用。其主要河流明古鲁河经历了土地转化、煤炭开采活动、生活垃圾排放和工业废水带来的环境压力，这可能会改变下游水质并扰乱河口生态过程，包括初级生产力。历史上，邻近的沿海地区在 2000 年代初曾被当地渔民用作渔场，但此后这一功能逐渐衰退。然而，关于这些压力对明古鲁河口浮游植物生产的生态影响的研究仍然有限。 本研究旨在以叶绿素 a 浓度为代表来评估浮游植物生产力，并检验其与关键环境参数的关系。实地考察是在 2025 年 6 月至 8 月的旱季高峰期间进行的，每次活动在大潮条件下的上午和下午进行两次采样。在三个站对三个采样事件进行了观测，并在三个深度进行了测量。在所有深度测量盐度、流速、溶解氧和硝酸盐浓度，而温度、pH 值和水透明度仅限于表面水平。使用分光光度法分析叶绿素-a (Chl-a) 浓度，并使用相关分析和分位数回归评估其与环境参数的关系。 结果表明，各站点的叶绿素 a 浓度始终非常低，范围为 0. 025 至 0. 139 µg/L，表明超微营养到贫营养条件。在测量的参数中，硝酸盐浓度和流速与叶绿素a的关系最强，表明它们是主要限制因素，而其他参数的影响相对较弱。这些发现表明，低养分利用率和水动力条件限制了明古鲁河口浮游植物生物量的发展和初级生产力，可能限制其可持续支持食物网的能力。
Abstract: The Bengkulu Watershed, which spans two administrative districts, plays a crucial role in supporting ecological and socio-economic functions in Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. Its main river, the Air Bengkulu, has experienced environmental pressures from land conversion, coal mining activities, domestic waste discharge, and industrial effluents, which may alter downstream water quality and disrupt estuarine ecological processes, including primary productivity. Historically, the adjacent coastal area was utilized by local fishers as a fishing ground in the early 2000s, but this function has since declined. However, studies on the ecological implications of these pressures on phytoplankton production in the Air Bengkulu estuary remain limited. This study aimed to assess phytoplankton productivity using Chl-a concentration as a proxy and examine its relationship with key environmental parameters. Fieldwork was conducted during the peak dry season from June to August 2025, with two sampling sessions per event in the morning and afternoon under spring tide conditions. Observations were carried out at three stations on three sampling events with measurements taken at three depth levels. Salinity, current velocity, dissolved oxygen, and nitrate concentration were measured at all depths, while temperature, pH, and water transparency were limited to surface levels. Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration was analyzed using spectrophotometric methods and its relationship with environmental parameters was evaluated using correlation analysis and quantile regression. The results showed that Chl-a concentrations were consistently very low across stations, ranging from 0.025 to 0.139 µg/L, indicating ultra-microtrophic to oligotrophic conditions. Among the measured parameters, nitrate concentration and current velocity exhibited the strongest relationships with Chl-a, suggesting their role as primary limiting factors, while other parameters showed comparatively weaker influences. These findings indicate that low nutrient availability and hydrodynamic conditions constrain phytoplankton biomass development and primary productivity in the Air Bengkulu River estuary, potentially limiting its capacity to sustainably support the food web.
8. Deep Learning-Based Classification of Picocyanobacteria and Microcystis Using Multiwavelength Laser Microscopy
作者Authors: Sara Hemmati; Arthur Zastepa; Hyungchul Yoon; Younggy Kim
发表月份Publication month: 2026-06 2026-06
Environmental Engineering Science · DOI: 10.1177/15579018261460206
关键词Tags: carbon pump carbon pump
摘要：微囊藻、聚球藻和蓝藻是有害藻华中释放蓝藻毒素的微生物。它们经常共存并具有相似的形态和絮凝模式，因此很难在显微图像中区分。使用多波长激光显微镜（405、488、561 和 640 nm 激光，黑白），并开发了深度学习模型来对蓝细菌进行分类。仅使用黑白图像进行机器训练时，准确率为 76. 56%；然而，所有五个通道图像的准确率提高到 98. 44%，这凸显了波长激光显微镜的重要性。单个波长激光的显微图像（带有黑白图像）提高了分类性能，但这些改进对于应变级分类来说还不够。 为了获得最佳模型性能，建议每个样本 45 个图像集、200 个 epoch 和 256 × 256 像素图像，机器训练仅需 11 分钟。总之，多波长激光显微镜可以非常有效地训练深度学习模型，为环境监测应用中蓝藻的可靠分类迈出了有希望的一步。
Abstract: Microcystis , Synechococcus , and Cyanobium are cyanotoxin-releasing microbes in harmful algal blooms. They often coexist and share similar morphology and flocculation patterns, making it difficult to differentiate in microscopic images. Multiwavelength laser microscopy was used (405-, 488-, 561-, and 640-nm lasers with black-and-white), and a deep learning model was developed to classify cyanobacteria. The accuracy was 76.56% using only black-and-white images for machine training; however, it improved to 98.44% with all five channel images, emphasizing the importance of wavelength laser microscopy. Microscopic images of individual wavelength lasers (with black-and-white images) improved classification performance, but the improvements were insufficient for strain-level classification. For optimal model performance, 45 image sets per sample, 200 epochs, and 256 × 256 pixel images are recommended, requiring only 11 min for machine training. In conclusion, multiwavelength laser microscopy allowed very efficient training of the deep learning model as a promising step toward reliable classification of cyanobacteria in environmental monitoring applications.
9. SPATIAL MODELLING OF DOLPHIN MOVEMENT IN LOVINA, BALI: A MULTI-METHOD APPROACH FOR SUSTAINABLE MARINE CONSERVATION AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT
作者Authors: I PUTU ANANDA CITRA; I MADE ADIKAMPANA; I NYOMAN SUNARTA; I NYOMAN SUKMA ARIDA
发表月份Publication month: 2026-05 2026-05
JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT · DOI: 10.46754/jssm.2026.05.006
关键词Tags: phytoplankton phytoplankton
摘要：巴厘岛罗威那的海豚已成为重要的海洋旅游景点；然而，旅游活动和不断变化的环境条件给当地居民带来了相当大的压力。本研究旨在利用层次分析法（AHP）、栖息地适宜性指数（HSI）、多变量分析以及均方误差（MSE）和均方根误差（RMSE）评估模型精度评估影响海豚运动路径的环境因素。采用层次分析法为海洋变量分配权重，将海面温度和盐度确定为主导因素。随后使用 HSI 模型根据这些加权变量绘制栖息地适宜性图。多元回归分析得出 R² 值为 0。 872，表明叶绿素-a 浓度、海面温度和洋流显着影响海豚的运动。 HSI 回归模型产生的 MSE 为 4. 74 × 10-5，RMSE 为 0. 0069，表明预测精度良好，但建议进一步细化。这些发现强调了海水温度变化和旅游活动对海豚分布的重大影响。未来的研究应纳入更广泛的空间和时间数据集，包括卫星标记或声学调查等现场数据。此外，建议应用随机森林等非线性统计模型来提高预测准确性。
Abstract: Dolphins in Lovina, Bali have become a significant marine tourism attraction; however, tourism activities and changing environmental conditions exert considerable pressure on their populations. This study aims to evaluate environmental factors influencing dolphin movement pathways using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Habitat Suitability Index (HSI), multivariate analysis, and model accuracy assessment using Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). AHP was employed to assign weights to oceanographic variables, identifying sea surface temperature and salinity as dominant factors. The HSI model was subsequently used to map habitat suitability based on these weighted variables. Multiple regression analysis yielded an R² value of 0.872, indicating that Chlorophyll-a concentration, sea surface temperature, and ocean currents significantly influence dolphin movements. The HSI-regression model produced an MSE of 4.74 × 10-5 and an RMSE of 0.0069, indicating good predictive accuracy, although further refinement is recommended. These findings highlight the substantial influence of sea temperature variability and tourism activities on dolphin distribution. Future research should incorporate broader spatial and temporal datasets, including in situ data such as satellite tagging or acoustic surveys. Additionally, the application of non-linear statistical models such as Random Forest is suggested to enhance predictive accuracy.
10. Physicochemical Characteristics, Photosynthetic Pigmentations and Phytoplankton and Zooplankton Species of Iyagbe, Lagos and Epe Interconnected Lagoons in Lagos State, Nigeria
作者Authors: I. C. Onyema; D. I. Nwankwo
发表月份Publication month: 2026-02 2026-02
Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management · DOI: 10.4314/jasem.v30i2.7
关键词Tags: phytoplankton phytoplankton
摘要：拉各斯存在许多相互连接的泻湖，这些泻湖与海洋相连，呈现季节性波动并支持水生生物。其中包括反映水生初级（光合作用）和次级生产活动等的新鲜到海洋形式的浮游植物和浮游动物。本文的目的是使用适当的标准方法评估尼日利亚拉各斯州 Iyagbe、Lagos 和 Epe 互连泻湖的物理化学特征、光合色素、浮游植物和浮游动物物种。对于光合色素，叶绿素值在 Iyagbe 泻湖最高，而拉各斯和埃佩泻湖分别记录为 10. 43 µg/L 和 10. 50 µg/L。叶绿素 b 值范围为 0. 12 至 1. 32 µg/L，而叶绿素 c（0. 05 和 0. 37 µg/L）和褐藻素值（0. 11 和 0. 57 µg/L）则表现出变化。 三个相互连接的泻湖中浮游植物和浮游动物的多样性和丰富度记录了 65 个类群。埃佩泻湖的浮游生物多样性更加多样化，其次是拉各斯泻湖和伊亚格贝泻湖。最丰富的浮游植物是一种中心硅藻——Aulocoseira capsulata var. angustissima（埃佩泻湖）。浮游动物作物记录了全浮游生物和小型浮游生物（幼体阶段）的形式。桡足类记录了 11 种，枝角类记录了 2 种，轮虫类记录了 2 种，被囊类记录了 2 种，水母 1 类群和幼年阶段记录了 10 种。更常见的形式是在 Iyagbe 和拉各斯泻湖中记录到的 Paracalanus parvus（桡足类）、Diaphanosoma excisum 和 Diaphnia sp。 （枝角类动物）仅来自 Epe 泻湖。从数量上看，藤壶和腹足动物幼虫是更重要的幼虫形式。 在微咸的 Iyagbe 和拉各斯泻湖（八种类型）中记录了更多的幼鱼阶段，这表明它们是比主要淡水栖息地 Epe 泻湖（两种类型）更受欢迎的育苗地。重要的是，藻类色素与浮游植物多样性和密度呈强烈负相关。这些水域中的水化学、光合色素和浮游生物多样性之间仍然存在 5 连续体和密切联系。
Abstract: A number of interconnected lagoons exist in Lagos that are connected to the ocean, exhibit seasonal fluctuations and support aquatic life. These include fresh to marine forms of phytoplankton and zooplankton that reflects aquatic primary (photosynthetic) and secondary production activities and more. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics, photosynthetic pigments, phytoplankton and zooplankton species of Iyagbe, Lagos and Epe interconnected lagoons in Lagos State, Nigeria using appropriate standard methods. For photosynthetic pigments, Chlorophyll values were highest in the Iyagbe lagoon, whereas the Lagos and Epe lagoons recorded 10.43µg/L and 10.50 µg/L respectively. Chlorophyll b values range from 0.12 to 1.32 µg/L while Chlorophyll c (0.05 and 0.37µg/L) and Phaeophytin values (0.11 and 0.57 µg/L) showed variations. The diversity and abundance of phytoplankton and zooplankton from the three interconnected lagoons recorded 65 taxa. The Epe lagoon was more diverse in terms of plankton diversity followed by the Lagos and Iyagbe lagoons. The most abundant phytoplankton was a centric diatom - Aulocoseira granulata var. angustissima (Epe lagoon). The zooplankton crop recorded both holoplankton and meroplankton (juvenile stages) forms. Whereas the Copepods recorded 11 species, the Cladocerans, two species, Rotifers, two species, Tunicates, 2 species, Jellyfish 1 taxon and the Juvenile stages reported 10 forms. The more common forms were Paracalanus parvus (copepod) recorded in both the Iyagbe and Lagos lagoons, Diaphanosoma excisum and Diaphnia sp. (cladocerans) reported solely from the Epe lagoon. Numerically the barnacle and gastropod larvae were the more important juvenile forms. More juvenile stages were recorded in the brackish Iyagbe and Lagos lagoons (eight forms), indicating them as preferred nursery grounds than the largely freshwater habitat of the Epe lagoon (two forms). Importantly algal pigments were strongly and negatively correlated with phytoplankton diversity and density. There continues to 5 exist a continuum and close link between the water chemistry, photosynthetic pigments and plankton diversity in these waters.
